Strategi Literasi Keluarga untuk Mengatasi Dampak Negatif Gadget pada Anak: Review Sistematis Program Pemberdayaan Ibu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/jlh.v6i4.1100Keywords:
anak usia dini, dampak gadget, literasi keluarga, pemberdayaan ibu, pengasuhan digital, screen timeAbstract
Peningkatan penggunaan gadget pada anak usia dini berkaitan dengan berbagai risiko perkembangan, seperti keterlambatan bahasa, gangguan perhatian, kesulitan regulasi emosi, dan menurunnya kualitas interaksi sosial. Peran ibu sebagai pengasuh utama sangat menentukan, namun praktik pengasuhan sering terkendala literasi digital dan literasi pengasuhan sehingga gadget kerap menjadi alat “penenang” dan memicu technoference. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic review terhadap artikel primer periode 2015–2025 dari Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed dengan pedoman PRISMA serta penilaian kualitas CASP. Dari 120 artikel yang teridentifikasi, 5 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Telaah dilakukan melalui systematic review mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, dengan menyeleksi artikel penelitian primer (2015–2025) dari Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed. Studi yang memenuhi kriteria dinilai kualitasnya menggunakan CASP, lalu disintesis secara kualitatif untuk menilai peran literasi keluarga dalam mengurangi dampak negatif gadget pada anak usia dini. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa intervensi literasi keluarga dan pengasuhan digital meliputi membaca dan bercerita, permainan interaktif, pendampingan orang tua, diskusi dan seleksi konten, pembatasan screen time, serta pelatihan berbasis komunitas cenderung meningkatkan kapasitas pengasuhan ibu, memperkuat relasi ibu anak, dan menurunkan durasi penggunaan gadget. Literasi keluarga dinilai sebagai pendekatan komprehensif dan efektif untuk membangun pola pengasuhan digital yang sehat pada anak usia dini.
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