Formulation And Evaluation of Nanoemulsion-Based Eye Drops to Enhance The Bioavailability of Ophthalmic Drugs: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/picnhs.v6i2.92Keywords:
eye drop, bioavailability, drug delivery system, nanoemulsion, physicochemical evaluationAbstract
Eye drops are a common form of topical preparation used to treat ocular disorders such as conjunctivitis, glaucoma, and microbial infections. However, their effectiveness is often limited by low bioavailability due to rapid elimination by the tear fluid. To overcome this limitation, nanoemulsion technology has been developed, offering enhanced solubility, stability, and drug penetration into ocular tissues. This article presents a review of twenty scientific studies on the formulation and evaluation of nanoemulsion-based eye drop dosage form. The review findings indicate that the use of nanoemulsion technology, with appropriate selection of oil components, surfactants, and co-surfactants, as well as non-thermal formulation methods, significantly improves the efficacy and safety of topical ocular therapies. Evaluations include physicochemical parameters such as particle size, pH, viscosity, as well as stability and bioavailability tests. Moreover, several studies highlight the importance of patient education in optimising the effectiveness of eye drop use. Therefore, formulation innovation and user education are crucial for ensuring the safe and effective use of ophthalmic therapy.
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