Respiratory Health Risks Due to Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Pregnant Women and Their Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/picnhs.v7i1.1638Keywords:
pregnancy outcomes, pregnant women, respiratory health, secondhand smoke, SHSAbstract
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy is a significant public health concern, particularly within households, as it can adversely affect maternal respiratory health and pregnancy outcomes. Objective to review the current evidence regarding SHS exposure in pregnant women, its impact on respiratory health, and pregnancy outcomes. A literature review was conducted on national and international journals published between 2018 and 2024. Studies were extracted based on their characteristics, sources of SHS, effects on maternal respiration, and pregnancy outcomes. Five Indonesian journals and five international journals were selected to represent both national and global contexts. The analysis indicated that households are the primary source of SHS exposure, particularly from husbands or other family members who smoke. This exposure leads to maternal respiratory disturbances, such as cough, shortness of breath, increased carbon monoxide levels, and reduced oxygen saturation. Adverse pregnancy outcomes include low birth weight, shorter body length, smaller head circumference, preterm birth, and maternal complications such as placental abruption. Similar findings have been reported internationally, highlighting the cumulative nature and significant risks of SHS exposure for both mother and fetus. \ SHS exposure during pregnancy negatively affects maternal respiratory health and pregnancy outcomes. Health interventions should target all family members, particularly active smokers in the household, to reduce exposure and maternal–fetal complications.
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