Faktor Risiko Jatuh pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit: Studi Kualitatif dari Perspektif Tenaga Kesehatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/jppp.v8i2.2160Keywords:
faktor risiko, insiden, keselamatan pasien, pasien jatuh, rumah sakitAbstract
Insiden pasien jatuh lebih sering terjadi di rumah sakit pemerintah daripada di rumah sakit swasta, sehingga menjadi salah satu masalah keselamatan pasien. Meskipun beberapa penelitian kuantitatif telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap pasien jatuh, namun penelitian kualitatif yang secara komprehensif difokuskan pada faktor risiko jatuh pada pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit di Indonesia masih perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor risiko jatuh pada pasien rawat inap di rumah sakit pemerintah dari perspektif tenaga kesehatan. Sebuah penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan studi kasus dilakukan di sebuah rumah sakit pemerintah di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, provinsi Lampung, Indonesia, dari April hingga September 2024. Penelitian ini merekrut 20 informan, termasuk dokter, kepala bidang keperawatan, tim komite keselamatan pasien rumah sakit, kepala bangsal, dan perawat pelaksana di setiap bangsal. Informan dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling, pengumpulan data melibatkan pelaksanaan wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion (FGD) menggunakan semi-structured interview guideline. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan tematik. Tujuh tema muncul dari temuan studi: 1) kondisi internal pasien, 2) fasilitas, 3) rasio penyedia layanan kesehatan terhadap pasien, 4) pemahaman tentang penyedia layanan kesehatan, 5) dukungan pimpinan, 6) pelatihan, dan 7) sistem pelaporan insiden. Faktor risiko jatuh pada pasien rawat inap tidak hanya berasal dari kondisi internal, namun dapat berasal dari faktor eksternal.
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