Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Keperawatan terhadap Kinerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/jlh.v6i4.1209Keywords:
kepemimpinan keperawatan, kinerja perawat, kepuasan kerja, systematic reviewAbstract
Kinerja dan kepuasan kerja perawat merupakan indikator penting dalam menjaga mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Salah satu faktor organisasi yang berperan besar dalam memengaruhi kedua luaran tersebut adalah gaya kepemimpinan keperawatan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan keperawatan terhadap kinerja dan kepuasan kerja perawat melalui pendekatan systematic review. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada lima basis data internasional, yaitu Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE, dan Wiley Online Library. Proses seleksi artikel mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian artikel dibatasi pada publikasi berbahasa Inggris dan Indonesia yang diterbitkan dalam 5–7 tahun terakhir : 2018 – 2025 untuk memastikan kebaruan bukti ilmiah. Kata kunci dan Boolean operator yang digunakan antara lain: (“nursing leadership” OR “leadership style”) AND (“nurse performance” OR “job performance”) AND (“job satisfaction” OR “work satisfaction”) Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis secara naratif dan tematik, serta dinilai kualitas metodologisnya menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool. Dari proses seleksi diperoleh empat artikel dengan kualitas metodologis tinggi. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional, servant, dan autentik berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan kinerja perawat serta faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kepuasan kerja, seperti kualitas kehidupan kerja, keterlibatan kerja, dan kesiapan kerja. Kepemimpinan transformasional merupakan gaya yang paling konsisten memberikan dampak positif, baik secara langsung maupun melalui mekanisme pemberdayaan dan keterlibatan kerja. Gaya kepemimpinan keperawatan yang berorientasi pada pemberdayaan dan dukungan memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja dan kepuasan kerja perawat.
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