The Effectiveness of Video-Based Dietary Education in Improving Knowledge Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2723Keywords:
diabetes mellitus diet, health education, patient knowledge, type 2 diabetes mellitus, video mediaAbstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous self-management, including appropriate dietary regulation. Adequate knowledge of dietary principles, including food selection, portion size, and meal timing, is essential to support patients in managing their condition effectively. Video-based health education integrates visual and auditory elements and may facilitate the delivery of health information in a clear, systematic, and easily understandable manner.Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of video-based dietary health education on knowledge among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at 23 Ilir Public Health Center, Palembang. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test–post-test approach. The study was conducted from June to August 2026. A total of 102 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were selected using purposive sampling. Knowledge was measured before and after the intervention using a structured knowledge questionnaire, The questionnaire had been tested for validity and reliability, with Pearson Product-Moment analysis showing that all items were valid (r > 0.361; p < 0.05), while Cronbach’s alpha demonstrated acceptable reliability (α ≥ 0.70).The intervention consisted of dietary health education delivered through video media. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test. The mean knowledge score increased from 48.73 ± 15.964 before the intervention to 78.29 ± 13.233 after the intervention, with a mean increase of 29.558 points. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference in knowledge scores before and after the intervention (t = 13.926; df = 101; p < 0.001). Before the intervention, 70 participants (68.6%) had a poor level of knowledge, 28 (27.5%) had a moderate level, and 4 (3.9%) had a good level. After the intervention, 74 participants (72.5%) had a good level of knowledge, 17 (16.7%) had a moderate level, and 11 (10.8%) remained in the poor category. Video-based dietary health education significantly improved knowledge among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Video media can therefore be considered an effective alternative educational medium to support dietary education and diabetes self-management in primary healthcare settings.
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