Factors Affecting Cholesterol Levels in the Elderly
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2350Keywords:
age, cholesterol, diet, levels, older adults, physical activity, smookingAbstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a health condition that commonly affects the elderly and has the potential to trigger cardiovascular disease. Fluctuations in cholesterol levels are generally influenced by various factors, including dietary patterns, physical activity levels, smoking habits, age, and gender. To gain a deeper understanding of the various factors correlated with cholesterol levels among the elderly in the service area of the Kartasura Community Health Center, an analytical observational study using a cross-sectional design was conducted. The sample consisted of 105 elderly respondents selected through purposive sampling. The data collection instruments included the SQ-FFQ for dietary patterns, the GPAQ for physical activity, the FTND to assess tobacco dependence, and a POCT device to measure cholesterol. The validity of the instruments showed that the SQ-FFQ ranged from 0.30 to 20.50, the GPAQ was 0.48, and the FTND was >0.451. Meanwhile, the GPAQ reliability index ranged from 0.67 to 0.73, and the FTND was greater than 0.86. Data analysis utilized the chi-square test and logistic regression models. The data showed that the majority of older adults had cholesterol levels exceeding the normal threshold. Through bivariate analysis, a significant association was found between dietary patterns, physical activity levels, and smoking behavior and cholesterol levels, whereas age and gender were found to be unrelated. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, dietary patterns and physical activity were confirmed to have a significant influence, with dietary patterns acting as the strongest determining factor. Cholesterol profiles in the elderly population tend to be more influenced by behavioral or lifestyle variables, particularly dietary management and physical fitness.
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