Systemic Contact Dermatitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v9i1.2893Keywords:
allergic contact dermatitis, contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity, systemic contact dermatitisAbstract
Systemic Contact Dermatitis (SCD) is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction occurring in previously sensitized individuals following systemic re-exposure to specific allergen. Despite its clinical significance, SCD remains under-recognized, leading to diagnostic delays and higher disease burden. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of SCD and emphasizing its impact on patient outcomes and quality of life (QoL). This narrative review searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published in 2019-2025. Eligible publications were reviews, observational studies, case reports or series, and textbook chapter. Selection disagreements were resolved through discussion. A total of 23 studies were included. SCD arises from type IV hypersensitivity mechanism, though mixed mechanism may occur in specific cases. The condition may manifest as widespread eczematous eruptions accompanied by systemic symptoms following oral, parenteral, or implant allergen exposures. Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical assessment and patch testing. Management focuses on allergen avoidance, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents, while biologic and JAK inhibitor are emerging options for refractory cases. SCD constitutes a complex and often underdiagnosed form of contact dermatitis with significant clinical implications. Early recognition, precise allergen identification, and individualized management are critical for improving prognosis and QoL
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