The Relationship Between Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂), Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), and HbA1c Levels with Diabetic Neuropathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2553Keywords:
ankle brachial index, diabetes mellitus, diabetic neuropathy, HbA1c, oxygen saturationAbstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may lead to foot ulcers and amputation. Peripheral circulation disorders, tissue oxygenation impairment, and poor glycemic control are considered contributing factors. To determine the relationship between oxygen saturation (SpO₂), Ankle–Brachial Index (ABI), and HbA1c levels with diabetic neuropathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A quantitative descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Lantana Medika Clinic, South Jakarta. Participants were recruited using consecutive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, structured questionnaires, direct clinical assessments, and medical record review. SpO₂ was measured using a pulse oximeter, ABI was determined using a sphygmomanometer and handheld Doppler device, and HbA1c values were obtained from the participants' most recent laboratory results. Diabetic neuropathy was assessed using the Comprehensive Diabetic Neuropathy Screening Algorithm (CDNSA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression. There was a significant relationship between duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels with diabetic neuropathy (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified HbA1c as the most dominant factor associated with diabetic neuropathy. HbA1c and duration of diabetes are significantly associated with diabetic neuropathy. A comprehensive screening approach incorporating tissue oxygenation, peripheral circulation, and glycemic control assessment may enhance the early detection of diabetic neuropathy in primary healthcare settings.
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