Self-Efficacy and Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2468Keywords:
literature reviewself-efficacy, medication compliance, pulmonary tuberculosisAbstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide, with Indonesia ranking third globally in new case incidence. The prolonged six-month treatment regimen often leads to nonadherence, which increases risks of treatment failure, continued transmission, and multidrug-resistant TB. Self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to achieve specific outcomes, has emerged as a critical psychological determinant of treatment adherence. This literature review aims to synthesize current evidence on the relationship between self-efficacy and treatment adherence among TB patients. A systematic literature search was conducted using Google Scholar for articles published between 2018 and 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed cross-sectional or case-control studies examining self-efficacy and TB treatment adherence, available in full text. The initial search identified 80 articles. After applying the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, including study design, publication period, language, and full-text availability, 11 eligible articles were included in the final analysis. All eleven studies demonstrated statistically significant associations between self-efficacy and TB treatment adherence, with correlation coefficients ranging from weak to strong (r = 0.332 to 0.682). Higher self-efficacy was consistently associated with greater adherence to TB medication regimens. Self-efficacy exerts a direct and proportional influence on TB treatment adherence. Integrating self-efficacy enhancement strategies into community health center standards of care may improve treatment completion rates.
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