The Role of Multimedia Based Preoperative Education in Improving Surgical Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2462Keywords:
educational video, multimedia, preoperative education, surgical outcomesAbstract
Preoperative education is an important part of surgical care to improve patient understanding, readiness, and engagement before surgery. The limitations of conventional educational methods encourage the use of multimedia as a more interactive educational medium. To evaluate the effectiveness of multimedia-based preoperative education in improving patient outcomes compared to conventional education. This study used a Systematic Literature Review method based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed and ScienceDirect using keywords related to multimedia, preoperative education, patient education, surgery, and surgical outcomes. The included articles were Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies in English for the period 2020–2025. A total of 199 articles were selected, 5 of which met the inclusion criteria and were described narratively. Multimedia-based education, such as Virtual Reality (VR), educational videos, informed consent videos, and mobile applications, were proven to be more effective than conventional education in reducing preoperative anxiety, increasing knowledge, compliance with surgical preparation instructions, psychological readiness, and patient cooperation during medical procedures. However, its impact on postoperative clinical outcomes still shows varying results. Multimedia-based preoperative education is effective in improving the quality of education and patient experience before surgery, but cannot replace direct communication with healthcare professionals and is therefore more appropriate as a complement to conventional education.
References
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Bremer, K. et al. (2024) ‘Video consent significantly improves patient knowledge of general surgery procedures’, Surgical Endoscopy. Springer US, 38(8), pp. 4641–4647. doi: 10.1007/s00464-024-10975-9.
Chiu, P. L. et al. (2023) ‘Virtual Reality-Based Intervention to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial’, JAMA Network Open, 6(10), pp. 1–14. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40588.
Daniel Nong Danche*, Tintin Sukartini, Aria Aulia Nastiti, I. S. (2024) ‘EFFECT OF DIGITAL HEALTH EDUCATION TOWARDS ANXIETY AMONG PRE-OPERATIVE PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW’, Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 6(6), pp. 3463–3474.
Dao, H. V. et al. (2023) ‘Effectiveness of using a patient education mobile application to improve the quality of bowel preparation: A randomised controlled trial’, BMJ Open Gastroenterology, 10(1), pp. 1–8. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001107.
Duraiyarasan, K. et al. (2026) ‘Comparison of the effect of preoperative multimedia video information on preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing procedures under central neuraxial block: a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study’, African Health Sciences, 26(1), pp. 66–72. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v26i1.8.
Kessler, Y. et al. (2025) ‘The Effect of Adding a Smartphone-Based Platform to the Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Nutritional Preparation Process: A Randomized Controlled Trial’, Obesity Surgery. Springer US, 35(4), pp. 1285–1296. doi: 10.1007/s11695-025-07732-9.
Kimia Khonakdar, R. C. and , Parisa Moradimajd1 , Atiyeh S. Sajadi1 , Shahnam S. Maroufi1, A. B. (2025) ‘Multimedia tools in preoperative patient education: A systematic review of their role in neuraxial anesthesia’, Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 14(November), pp. 1–6. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp.
Longo, U. G. et al. (2023) ‘The Impact of Preoperative Education on Knee and Hip Replacement: A Systematic Review’, Osteology, 3(3), pp. 94–112. doi: 10.3390/osteology3030010.
Oliveira, P. et al. (2023) ‘Psychoeducation Programs to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults: A Scoping Review’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1). doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010327.
Agüero-Millan, B., Abajas-Bustillo, R. and Ortego-Maté, C. (2023) ‘Efficacy of nonpharmacologic interventions in preoperative anxiety: A systematic review of systematic reviews’, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(17–18), pp. 6229–6242. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16755.
Bremer, K. et al. (2024) ‘Video consent significantly improves patient knowledge of general surgery procedures’, Surgical Endoscopy. Springer US, 38(8), pp. 4641–4647. doi: 10.1007/s00464-024-10975-9.
Chiu, P. L. et al. (2023) ‘Virtual Reality-Based Intervention to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial’, JAMA Network Open, 6(10), pp. 1–14. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40588.
Daniel Nong Danche*, Tintin Sukartini, Aria Aulia Nastiti, I. S. (2024) ‘Effect Of Digital Health Education Towards Anxiety Among Pre-Operative Patients: A Systematic Review’, Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 6(6), pp. 3463–3474.
Dao, H. V. et al. (2023) ‘Effectiveness of using a patient education mobile application to improve the quality of bowel preparation: A randomised controlled trial’, BMJ Open Gastroenterology, 10(1), pp. 1–8. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001107.
Duraiyarasan, K. et al. (2026) ‘Comparison of the effect of preoperative multimedia video information on preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing procedures under central neuraxial block: a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study’, African Health Sciences, 26(1), pp. 66–72. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v26i1.8.
Kessler, Y. et al. (2025) ‘The Effect of Adding a Smartphone-Based Platform to the Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Nutritional Preparation Process: A Randomized Controlled Trial’, Obesity Surgery. Springer US, 35(4), pp. 1285–1296. doi: 10.1007/s11695-025-07732-9.
Kimia Khonakdar, R. C. and , Parisa Moradimajd1 , Atiyeh S. Sajadi1 , Shahnam S. Maroufi1, A. B. (2025) ‘Multimedia tools in preoperative patient education: A systematic review of their role in neuraxial anesthesia’, Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 14(November), pp. 1–6. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp.
Longo, U. G. et al. (2023) ‘The Impact of Preoperative Education on Knee and Hip Replacement: A Systematic Review’, Osteology, 3(3), pp. 94–112. doi: 10.3390/osteology3030010.
Oliveira, P. et al. (2023) ‘Psychoeducation Programs to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults: A Scoping Review’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1). doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010327.
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