Association between Sepsis and Mortality among Patients with Pneumonia Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2336Keywords:
intensive care unit, mortality, pneumonia, sepsisAbstract
Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This condition is often associated with sepsis, which can worsen prognosis and increase the risk of death. This study aimed to determine the association between demographic characteristics, length of stay, sepsis, and qSOFA score with mortality among pneumonia patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. This study was an analytical observational study with a retrospective cohort design using medical record data of pneumonia patients admitted to the ICU at Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. A total of 74 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, and the strength of association was measured using Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval. Most patients were aged 56–65 years and >65 years, each accounting for 25.7%, and were predominantly male (59.5%). The most common comorbidity was kidney disease (AKI/CKD) at 33.8%. The mean length of ICU stay was 13.81 ± 7.97 days. Mortality among pneumonia patients with sepsis was 75.7%. There was no significant association between sex and mortality (p=0.698) or age and mortality (p=0.247). A significant association was found between length of ICU stay and mortality (p=0.029). In addition, qSOFA score was significantly associated with mortality (p=0.004), with an OR of 5.409 (95% CI: 1.575–18.577). Length of stay, sepsis, and qSOFA score were significantly associated with mortality among pneumonia patients in the ICU, while demographic characteristics showed no significant association.
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