Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid, Serum Uric Acid-to-Creatinine Ratio and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Stage 3–5 Chronic Kidney Diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2140Keywords:
chronic kidney disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hyperuricemia, renal function decline, serum uric acid, serum uric acid-to-creatinine ratioAbstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with high disease progression. Hyperuricemia is frequently observed in CKD; however, its diagnostic value is limited in advanced stages due to decreased renal excretion. Therefore, the serum uric acid–to–creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) has the potential to serve as a more representative parameter, as it reflects uric acid metabolism adjusted for kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum uric acid levels, the SUA/SCr ratio, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with stage 3, 4, and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). This was an analytic study with a cross-sectional design with consecutive sampling involving 50 patients with stage 3, 4, and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at Adam Malik Hospital. Serum uric acid and creatinine levels were measured using enzymatic methods, while the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. Correlation analysis was performed using Pearson or Spearman tests, and comparisons among CKD stages were conducted using one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal–Wallis test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Serum uric acid levels showed no significant correlation with CKD stage (r=0.025; p=0.861) or eGFR (r=0.093; p=0.523). In contrast, the SUA/SCr ratio demonstrated a strong negative correlation with CKD stage (r=–0.784; p<0.001) and a strong positive correlation with eGFR (r=0.784; p<0.001). The SUA/SCr ratio also decreased significantly with increasing CKD stage. The serum uric acid-to-creatinine (SUA/SCr) ratio demonstrates a stronger correlation with renal function compared to serum uric acid levels in patients with non-hemodialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3, 4, and 5. This parameter may serve as a potentially more sensitive alternative biomarker for assessing declining renal function.
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