Early Maternal Age, Mode of Delivery, and Postpartum Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2133Keywords:
age, delivery, depression, health, postpartumAbstract
Postpartum depression is a prevalent maternal mental health problem adversely affecting both mothers and infants. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal age and mode of delivery with postpartum depression in North Jakarta. A cross-sectional study design was employed with sixty postpartum mothers. Data were gathered using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale questionnaire distributed through consecutive sampling during scheduled home visits. Data were analyzed via univariate, bivariate (Fisher’s Exact Test), and multivariate multiple logistic regression. Univariate analysis showed most respondents were aged ≥20 years (76.7%) and underwent normal vaginal delivery (58.3%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between maternal age and postpartum depression (p=0.001), where mothers aged <20 years had a 5.5-fold higher risk (PR=5.5; 95% CI: 2.42–12.39). Mode of delivery was also significantly associated with postpartum depression (p=0.003), with operative delivery increasing risk by 9.8 times compared to normal delivery (PR=9.8; 95% CI: 2.44–39.34). Multivariate analysis revealed maternal age <20 years (aOR=4.10; 95% CI: 1.75–9.60; p=0.002) and operative delivery (aOR=6.82; 95% CI: 1.90–24.50; p=0.004) remained significantly associated with postpartum depression after mutual adjustment. In conclusion, maternal age <20 years and operative delivery are highly significant postpartum risk factors.
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