Epidemiology of 4P Snack Consumption Behavior in Children as An Early Risk Factor for Non-Communicable Diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.2046Keywords:
elementary school, food additives, pocket Money, purchase location, snacking behaviorAbstract
Snacking behavior among elementary school students contributes substantially to daily energy intake and may increase the risk of consuming foods high in sugar, fat, and food additives such as preservatives, colorings, flavor enhancers, and sweeteners (4P). The school food environment and family economic factors are assumed to influence such behavior. This study aimed to analyze the effect of pocket money and purchase location on 4P snacking behavior among elementary school students. A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied involving 23 fourth-grade students at SDN Karangrejo VI Jember by total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing pocket money categories, snack purchase locations, and 4P snacking behavior scores, which have been validated and are reliable. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square tests. The results showed that most students received IDR 6,000–10,000 as daily pocket money (57%) and predominantly purchased snacks at the school canteen (60%). The highest proportion of 4P snack consumption was 1–2 times per week (56.5%). Statistical analysis indicated no significant association between pocket money (p=0.231) or purchase location (p=0.366) and 4P snacking behavior. These findings suggest that children’s snacking behavior is influenced by more complex and interacting factors.
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