Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Garlic and Coffee in Developing A Natural Mosquito Repellent Spray: A Comprehensive Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1719Keywords:
allium sativum, coffea sp., control, mosquitoesAbstract
Mosquito-borne diseases remain a significant global public health concern. While chemical repellents are effective, they pose environmental and health risks, creating a demand for safer, natural alternatives suitable for school environments. This systematic literature review compares the effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) and coffee (Coffea sp.) as natural mosquito control agents, focusing on their repellent, larvicidal, and ovicidal properties. The review methods involved systematically searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. Search terms included combinations of garlic, Allium sativum, coffee, Coffea, mosquito, repellent, larvicidal, and species-specific terms. Two independent reviewers screened the articles and extracted the data. Study quality was assessed using criteria for observational studies. Based on the records identified, 12 studies literature article met the inclusion criteria after full-text review. Garlic extracts (25–100 mg/100 mL) demonstrated rapid mosquito mortality (50–96.67% within 24 hours) and strong adult repellency due to organosulfur compounds, particularly allicin. Coffee extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects (LC₅₀: 200–400 ppm) and ovicidal properties, with slower action but broader life-stage targeting. Quality assessment revealed moderate-to-high study quality, with some methodological limitations. Current evidence suggests that garlic provides stronger immediate repellent effects, while coffee offers more sustained larvicidal control. However, the small number of head-to-head comparison studies limits definitive conclusions. Combined formulations warrant further investigation. Both ingredients show promise as components of school-based, environmentally friendly mosquito control programs.
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