Analysis of Risk Factors for the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.163Keywords:
coronary heart disease, family history, hypertension, hypercholesterolemiaAbstract
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a significant public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Although CHD cases continue to increase in Indonesia, including in East Kalimantan, there have not been many studies that have identified specific risk factors at Kudungga Sangatta Hospital, East Kutai Regency. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for CHD incidence at Kudungga Sangatta Hospital. This study uses an analytical observational design with a case-control approach. The sample consisted of 60 cases of CHD and 60 non-CHD controls taken from outpatients at the cardiac polyclinic of Kudungga Sangatta Hospital using purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires and medical records. Independent variables include hypertension, family history, and hypercholesterolemia, while dependent variables are CHD incidence. The data collection techniques included a preparation stage (obtaining research permits and conducting a preliminary study), followed by an implementation stage (collecting respondent data, sorting samples according to criteria into two groups, filling out questionnaires, and collecting research instruments). Data analysis was done quantitatively using a case control design with the chi-square test to see the relationship between variables. This study found a significant association with the incidence of dengue in the following variables: hypertension (p < 0.000) OR 10,394, family history (p < 0.000) OR 7.538, and hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.000) OR 10.846. It can be concluded that hypertension is the most dominant risk factor affecting the incidence of coronary heart disease at Kudungga Sangatta Hospital (Exp (β) = 11,311).
References
Adiputra, dkk. (2023). Hiperlipidemia Merupakan Faktor Risiko Dominan Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 11(1), 25-31. Diunduh pada: https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3273707
Alkhusari, dkk. (2020). Analisis Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di Poliklinik Jantung. Jurnal Aisyiyah Medika, 5(2), 99-110. Diunduh pada: https://jurnal.stikes-aisyiyah-palembang.ac.id/index.php/JAM/article/view/758/0
Ambrose, J. A., & Barua, R. S. (2023). The pathophysiology of cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: An update. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 43(10), 1731–1737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc. 2003.12.047.
Aung, T., et al. (2023). APOE genotype and lipid levels in Southeast Asian populations: A systematic review. Journal of Lipid Research, 64(3), 100338. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jlr.2023.100338
Bachtiar, L., et al. (2023). Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) (Analisis Data Sekunder Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Subang). Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 19(1), 52.
Desky, R., & Susanto, B. (2021). Hubungan Faktor Risiko Dengan Angka Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di Puskesmas Kota Kutacane Kecamatan Babusalam Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara Tahun 2020. Jurnal Kedokteran STM (Sains dan Teknologi Medik), 4(2), 83–89.
Fahrul Islam, dkk. (2021). Dasar-Dasar Kesehatan Lingkungan. Mamuju: Yayasan Kita Menulis. Diunduh pada: http://repository.lppm.unila.ac.id/35474/1/FullBook%20Dasar-Dasar%20Kesehatan%20Lingkungan.pdf
Garcia, M., et al. (2024). Psychosocial stress and cardiovascular disease in women: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Journal of the American Heart Association, 13(3), e031310. https://doi.org/10.1161/ JAHA.123.031310
Ghani, L., et al. (2016). Faktor Risiko Dominan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di Indonesia. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan, 44, 153–164.
Global BMI Mortality Collaboration. (2016). Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 3.6 million adults: Collaborative analyses of 239 prospective studies. The Lancet, 388(10046), 776–786. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30175-1
Hecht, H., et al. (2023). Coronary artery calcium scoring: Past, present, and future. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 16(4), 504–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.12.001
Ice J. Johanis, et al. (2020). Faktor Risiko Hipertensi, Merokok Dan Usia Terhadap Penyakit Jantung Koroner Pada Pasien RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z Johannes Kupang. Ejurnal.Undana.Ac.Id, 2(1), 45–52. https://ejurnal.undana.ac.id/MKM
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kemenkes.
Khera, A. V., et al. (2024). Familial aggregation and heritability of early-onset coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 390(15), 1389–1400. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2305087
Libby, P., & Lüscher, T. (2023). Inflammation and atherosclerosis: The end of a controversy. European Heart Journal, 44(34), 3077–3080. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad 293
Malik, V. S., et al. (2024). Mediation effects of metabolic factors on the association between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care, 47(2), 288–296. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc 23-1498
Mauvais-Jarvis, F., et al. (2023). Sex differences in metabolic diseases: From experimental models to clinical mechanisms. Cell Metabolism, 35(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cmet.2022.10.006
Nurfaika. (2022). Dasar Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat: Materi HL Blum Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Derajat Kesehatan Dan Contohnya. Makassar: Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin. Diunduh pada: https://osf.io/sfu5a/download
Ouchi, N., Parker, J. L., Lugus, J. J., & Walsh, K. (2011). Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 11(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2921
Pashar, I. (2024). Hubungan Pola Makan Dan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Di Rsud Labuang Baji Makassar. Journal of Pubnursing Sciences, 2(01), 31–42.
RSUD Kudungga Kabupaten Kutai Timur (2023). Rekam Medis Rawat Inap dan Rawat Jalan. Kutai Timur : RSUD Kabupaten Kutai Timur.
Schiffrin, E. L. (2021). Mechanisms of vascular remodeling in hypertension. Hypertension, 78(2), 217-230 https://doi.org /10.1161/ HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17951
Schiffrin, E. L. (2024). Mechanisms of vascular remodeling in hypertension. Hypertension, 81(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.17951
Shaw, L. J., et al. (2024). Gender-specific diagnostic strategies for coronary artery disease: Consensus statement from the Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation group. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 83(7), 787–801. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jacc.2023.11.041
Yulendasari, Rika dkk (2020). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik Dan Riwayat Keluarga Dengan Kejadian Jantung Koroner Di Puskesmas Banjarsari Kota Metro Tahun 2020. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKMI). Published : Oktober 2020. Diunduh pada : https://jurnal.umitra.ac.id/index.php/jikmi/article/viewFile/535/417
Yusuf, S., et al. (2020). Cardiovascular risk in SE Asians. The Lancet Regional Health – SEA, 1, 100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100003
Vedanthan, R., et al. (2024). Global epidemiology and prevention of young-onset coronary artery disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 21(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-023-00900-3
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
