The Relationship Between the Quality of Pharmaceutical Services and Patient Safety
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1256Keywords:
community health center, medication error prevention, patient safety, pharmaceutical services, Pharmaceutical supply managementAbstract
Pharmaceutical services are a critical component of healthcare delivery in ensuring patient safety, particularly at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas). Suboptimal pharmaceutical service quality may increase the risk of medication errors and adverse drug events, thereby compromising patient safety. However, empirical evidence regarding the contribution of pharmaceutical service quality to patient safety in primary healthcare settings remains limited. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sipatana Community Health Center, Gorontalo City, Indonesia, in November 2025. The study population comprised patients receiving pharmaceutical services, with 295 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on national pharmaceutical service standards. The instrument demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, with item–total correlations above the critical value and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients exceeding 0.60. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and stepwise logistic regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that all dimensions of pharmaceutical service quality were significantly associated with patient safety. Management of pharmaceutical supplies and consumable medical materials, prescription review, prescription services, drug information services, prevention of medication errors, prevention of adverse drug events, and patient medication adherence were significantly associated with patient safety (p = 0.000). Monitoring of adverse drug reactions also showed a significant association (p = 0.004). Simultaneously, pharmaceutical service quality had a significant effect on patient safety (F = 23.171; p = 0.000) with an R-square value of 0.326. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that management of pharmaceutical supplies and consumable medical materials was the strongest predictor of patient safety (B = 0.284; β = 0.278). The quality of pharmaceutical services plays a significant role in ensuring patient safety at the Sipatana Community Health Center. Management of pharmaceutical supplies and consumable medical materials emerged as the primary predictor of patient safety. Strengthening pharmaceutical supply management, improving the competence of pharmaceutical personnel, and optimizing strategies for preventing medication errors and adverse drug events are essential to enhance patient safety in primary healthcare settings.
References
Ahmed, M., Ibrahim, M., & Farid, S. (2022). Pharmacist-led medication counseling and patient adherence: A review of best practices. Journal of Patient Safety, 18(4), 301–308.
Anita, B., Febriawati, H., & Yandrizal, Y. (2022). The role of public health centers (Puskesmas) as the gatekeeper of national health insurance. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(1), 76–89.
Arifin, M., Suryani, E., & Putra, A. (2021). Budaya pelaporan keselamatan pasien pada pelayanan kefarmasian di fasilitas kesehatan primer. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan, 24(3), 145–153.
Cipolle, R. J., Strand, L. M., & Morley, P. C. (2020). Pharmaceutical Care Practice: The Clinician’s Guide (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Gong, Y., Zhang, Y., & Li, X. (2022). Preventing medication errors through pharmacist interventions in primary care settings. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 34(2), 1–9.
Guspianto, G., Nurlinawati, N., & Pramudiani, D. (2025). Improving patient safety culture in primary health centers. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia, 13(1), 58–67.
Hidayati, T., Pramono, A., & Lestari, S. (2022). Hubungan mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas. Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(2), 112–121.
Jose, J., Cox, A. R., & Paudyal, V. (2024). Principles and Practice of Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety. Berlin: Springer.
Kemenkes RI. (2021). Pedoman Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kemenkes RI. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Lestari, H., Wulandari, D., & Kurniawan, B. (2022). Tantangan implementasi keselamatan pasien. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat, 14(1), 55–64.
Nurjanah, S., Prasetyo, A., & Handayani, R. (2023). Medication error dan strategi pencegahannya. Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia, 12(2), 101–110.
Putri, A. R., Wulandari, D., & Santoso, H. (2021). Pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan keselamatan pasien. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan, 24(3), 145–152.
World Health Organization. (2021). Global Patient Safety Action Plan 2021–2030. Geneva: WHO.
Zhao, L., Chen, W., & Zhang, H. (2023). Reducing preventable adverse drug events in community health centers: A multicenter study. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1–12.
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 26 Tahun 2020 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas.
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 43 Tahun 2019 tentang Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
