Effectiveness of Peppermint and Cough Aromatherapy on Sputuum Expeltion in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v8i1.578Keywords:
effective cough, peppermint aromatherapy inhalation, pulmonary TB patients, sputum excretionAbstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease with the main symptoms being a cough with phlegm and shortness of breath due to the accumulation of sputum in the respiratory tract. Indonesia is the country with the second highest number of cases in the world after India. Non-pharmacological therapies such as peppermint aromatherapy inhalation and effective coughing techniques are believed to help expel sputum, thereby improving the patient's respiratory function. Inhaling peppermint aromatherapy vapor and effective coughing can relieve breathing in pulmonary TB patients with a normal respiratory rate and facilitate sputum expulsion. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of peppermint aromatherapy inhalation and effective coughing techniques on sputum expectoration in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at the Batang Beruh Community Health Center in Dairi Regency in 2025. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. It was conducted from April to November 2025. The sample consisted of 48 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, divided into an experimental group (24 people) who received peppermint aromatherapy inhalation and effective coughing techniques, and a control group (24 people) who did not receive these interventions. Data were collected through observations of sputum expectoration before and after the intervention on an interval scale, analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.The experimental group showed a significant decrease in sputum output scores from an average of 5.50 to 4.29 in the first intervention and from 4.83 to 3.46 in the second intervention. The control group did not show any significant changes. The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.000), proving that the peppermint aromatherapy inhalation and effective coughing interventions were proven to be effective in increasing sputum output in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
References
Alsagaff. Dasar-dasar ilmu penyakit paru. Jakarta: Airlangga University Press; 2015.
Aprilliawati R, Utami D, Rahmadani F. The Effects of Simple Inhalation Using Mint (Mentha piperita) on Lung Function. Procedia Computer Science. 2019.
Bagcchi S. WHO’s Global Tuberculosis Report 2022. Lancet Microbe. 2023;4(1):e20.
Bahar B, Syamsu RF, Ulandari S. A new case of tuberculosis disease management through family medicine approach. Green Med J. 2022;4(2):51–9.
Elshafiee A, et al. Peppermint essential oil: phytochemistry, biological activity and therapeutic applications. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;156:113924.
Fitriani L, Putri D, Arsyad S. Effect of Effective Cough on Sputum Expenditure in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan. 2020.
Gopalaswamy R, Shanmugam S, Mondal R, Subbian S. Of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections–a comparative analysis of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. J Biomed Sci. 2020;27:1–17.
Hutabarat DA, Siringoringo MW. Efektivitas teknik batuk efektif terhadap pengeluaran sputum pada pasien dengan ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan napas. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan. 2021;7(2):45-52.
Hutabarat RA, Sari DP, Wulandari IA. Effectiveness of Peppermint Aromatherapy to Minimize Shortness of Breath in Patients with Tuberculosis at Puskesmas. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 56 National Seminar, STIKEP PPNI Jawa Barat. 2019.
Ichsan M, Caroline L, Sunusi M, Irawati L. Literature review: aromaterapi daun mint efektif dalam menurunkan sesak napas pada pasien TB paru. Madago Nurs J. 2022;3(1):35–42.
Ichsan M, et al. Aromaterapi daun mint dalam menurunkan dispnea pada pasien TB Paru: literature review. Madago Nursing Journal. 2022;3(1).
Kharwadkar S, Attanayake V, Duncan J, Navaratne N, Benson J. The impact of climate change on the risk factors for tuberculosis: a systematic review. Environ Res. 2022;212:113436.
Lee AL, et al. The effectiveness of the active cycle of breathing technique in respiratory conditions: updated review. Physiotherapy. 2022;113:1-12.
Malekmohammad K, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Sardari S, Sewell RDE. Toxicological effects of Mentha x piperita (peppermint): a review. Toxin Rev. 2021;40(4):445–59.
Mar’iyah K, Zulkarnain Z. Patofisiologi penyakit infeksi tuberkulosis. Pros Semin Nas Biol. 2021;7(1):88–92.
Moreira AP, Silva JM. Synergistic Effects of Aromatherapy and Coughing Technique in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Management: A Review. International Journal of Respiratory Therapy. 2023.
Ostergaard L. SARS CoV‐2 related microvascular damage and symptoms during and after COVID‐19: consequences of capillary transit‐time changes, tissue hypoxia and inflammation. Physiol Rep. 2021;9(3):e14726.
Price S, Price L. Aromaterapi bagi profesi kesehatan. Edisi ke-4. Jakarta: EGC; 2012.
Tayarani-Najaran Z, et al. Inhaling peppermint essential oil as a promising complementary therapy in the treatment of nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. J Clin Med. 2025;14(14):5069.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
